In Hinduism, what does the concept of 'moksha' represent?

Moksha in Hinduism represents the liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth, known as samsara. This cycle is characterized by the continuous cycle of life, death, and reincarnation that all souls undergo. Achieving moksha is the ultimate goal for many Hindus, as it signifies a state of eternal peace, freedom, and unity with the divine, transcending worldly suffering and material existence.

This concept is deeply rooted in the philosophy of Hinduism, where it is believed that the soul (atman) can achieve liberation through various paths such as knowledge (jnana), devotion (bhakti), or righteous living (karma). Moksha indicates not just an escape from the physical realms but also the realization of one's true nature and connection to Brahman, the ultimate reality.

Other options may highlight important aspects of Hindu philosophy, such as the pursuit of happiness or enlightenment through knowledge, but they do not capture the essential meaning of moksha, which is primarily focused on liberation from the cyclical nature of life.