Which significant event marks the migration of Muhammad and his followers to Medina?

The migration of Muhammad and his followers to Medina is known as the Hijra. This event is significant in Islamic history, as it marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar and represents a pivotal moment when the Muslim community transitioned from a state of persecution in Mecca to a more organized society in Medina. The Hijra was not just a physical movement but also a shift in the development of Islam, allowing the practice of the faith to flourish and establishing the first Muslim community under Muhammad's leadership.

The other options, while important in their own right, relate to different aspects of Islamic practice and beliefs. The Hajj refers to the pilgrimage to Mecca, which is a religious obligation for Muslims. The Shahada is the declaration of faith, affirming the oneness of God and the prophethood of Muhammad. Jihad commonly refers to the struggle or effort to maintain or spread the faith, which can take many forms, but it does not specifically denote the migration itself. Therefore, the Hijra is the most accurate and contextually appropriate term for this significant event in early Islamic history.